What does a TWC (Three Way Cat) converter reduce or oxidize?

A Three Way Catalytic (TWC) converter plays a crucial role in reducing harmful emissions produced by internal combustion engines. It effectively reduces or oxidizes three primary pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOX).

Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that results from incomplete combustion of fuel. Hydrocarbons are unburned or partially burned fuel components that contribute to smog and air pollution. Nitrogen oxides, formed during combustion at high temperatures, are significant contributors to the formation of ground-level ozone and smog.

The TWC works through two main processes: reduction and oxidation. During the reduction process, the converter facilitates reactions that convert NOX into nitrogen and oxygen. Meanwhile, under oxidative conditions, it transforms carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons into less harmful carbon dioxide and water. Thus, the TWC's ability to handle all three of these pollutants makes it a key component of vehicle emissions control systems, contributing significantly to reducing air pollution and meeting environmental regulations.

The other options do not accurately capture the comprehensive capability of the TWC. While some choices mention certain emissions, they overlook the full range of pollutants that the TWC effectively addresses.